Parachute Size Calculator
About Wing Loading
Wing loading is the ratio of the jumper’s weight to the area of the parachute, typically measured in pounds per square foot (lbs/sq.ft). It’s a critical factor in determining how a parachute will perform.
Low wing loading (below 1.0) provides slower, more forgiving descents, ideal for beginners.
Moderate wing loading (1.0-1.3) offers a balance of performance and safety, suitable for most recreational jumpers.
High wing loading (above 1.3) results in faster descents and more responsive handling, but requires greater skill to control safely.
Reference Chart: Recommended Wing Loading
| Experience Level | Conservative | Moderate | Aggressive |
|---|---|---|---|
| Student/Novice | 0.7 – 0.8 | 0.8 – 0.9 | 0.9 – 1.0 |
| Intermediate | 0.9 – 1.0 | 1.0 – 1.1 | 1.1 – 1.2 |
| Experienced | 1.0 – 1.2 | 1.2 – 1.4 | 1.4 – 1.6 |
| Expert | 1.2 – 1.5 | 1.5 – 1.8 | 1.8 – 2.2+ |
Interactive Parachute Descent Calculator
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Parachute Aerodynamics Calculator
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Parachute Aerodynamics Theory
Key Principles
Parachute aerodynamics involve the balance of gravitational force and aerodynamic drag. When these forces reach equilibrium, the parachute descends at a constant speed called terminal velocity.
Important Equations
Terminal Velocity: The speed at which the drag force equals the gravitational force.
Vt = √(2mg / (ρ·Cd·A))
Where:
- m = mass (kg)
- g = gravitational acceleration (9.81 m/s²)
- ρ = air density (kg/m³)
- Cd = drag coefficient (dimensionless)
- A = parachute area (m²)
Drag Force:
Fd = 0.5 · ρ · v² · Cd · A
Air Density Calculation:
Air density decreases with altitude according to the barometric formula. At sea level, air density is approximately 1.225 kg/m³.
Parachute Types and Drag Coefficients
Different parachute designs have varying drag coefficients:
- Round (hemispherical): Cd ≈ 1.75
- Flat circular: Cd ≈ 0.8
- Cruciform: Cd ≈ 1.1
- Parafoil (ram-air): Cd ≈ 1.4
Wing Loading
Wing loading is the total suspended weight divided by the surface area. It’s an important factor in determining the performance of a parachute. Lower wing loading generally results in slower descent rates but can affect maneuverability.